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freepatentsonline.com: Liquid purification or separation


Method of water purification
The invention provides a method for the removal of biological species, such as Cryptosporidium , from water using aluminium based media which contains surface Al—OH groups.

Water disinfection system using simultaneous multiple disinfectants
A water disinfection system using simultaneous multiple disinfectants includes a completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a contact basin or clearwell acting as a plug flow reactor (PFR). The CSTR receives ammoniated water and free chlorine, and generates multiple disinfectants in primary disinfection water within the CSTR. The contact basin or clearwell receives primary disinfected water from the CSTR, the primary disinfected water containing the disinfectants. A method for water disinfection including mixing the non-disinfected treated water with ammonia to form ammoniated water, mixing the ammoniated water with free chlorine to form a primary disinfection water including multiple disinfectants, and maintaining the disinfectants in the primary disinfection water.

Process for the removal of mercury from solutions contaminated with mercury
Mercury is removed from solutions contaminated with mercury by filtration through a carbon filter consisting of electrode graphite.

Methods for biological treatment of waste waters
In a vertical shaft bioreactor, improved devices and methods are provided for enhanced secondary and/or tertiary treatment of wastewater, including residential, municipal and industrial wastewater. The devices and methods of the invention are useful for enhanced secondary wastewater treatment, including BOD and TSS removal. Tertiary treatment can alternately or additionally be achieved in the bioreactor with nitrification of ammonia, with nitrification and denitrification, and with nitrification, denitrification, and chemical phosphorus removal. A vertical shaft bioreactor is also provided which achieves thermophilic aerobic digestion and pasteurization of sewage sludges, optionally to produce class A biosolids.

Irradiation system and methods of treating fluids in hydrocarbon industry applications
A method comprises rendering a hydrocarbon industry servicing fluid biologically inert without using chemical biocides. One method of rendering a hydrocarbon industry servicing fluid biologically inert comprises irradiating at least one constituent of the servicing fluid to produce an irradiated fluid. Another method comprises irradiating a used hydrocarbon industry servicing fluid to produce a remediated fluid that is biologically inert. A fluid treatment system comprises an irradiation apparatus, inlet piping directing an untreated fluid into the irradiation apparatus, outlet piping directing an irradiated fluid out of the irradiation apparatus, and a connection to a hydrocarbon industry application.

Process for treating storm water
An insert for a storm water treatment system includes an elongated baffle member that is configured to be mounted within a substantially upright storm water drain basin so as to separate the interior space of the drain basin into a first compartment that communicates with an inlet opening of the drain basin and a second compartment that communicates with an outlet opening of the drain basin. A predetermined primary flow path is defined in the baffle number between the first and second compartments near a lower end of the baffle member. Treatment material is positioned, optionally in cartridge form, in a lower end of the second compartment so that storm water in the primary flow path will be directed through the treatment material in order to remediate possible contamination of the storm water. The system is designed in order to facilitate retrofitting of existing storm water drainage infrastructure and for original installation. A method of treating storm water is also disclosed.

Method of extracting metal ions from an aqueous solution utilizing an antimony silicate sorbent
The invention provides a use of a material comprising antimony silicate as a sorbent in the removal of metal ions, e.g. radioactive metal ions, from an acidic liquid medium. The metal ions may be selectively removed from amongst other ions such as Na, K, Mg, and Ca ions. Strontium is particularly effectively removable in this way. There is also provided a method of preparing an antimony silicate material for use in removing metal ions. The invention further provides a material comprising antimony silicate doped with one or more elements selected from the group consisting of tungsten, niobium and tantalum. The doped material has been found to be particularly effective as a sorbent in the removal of metal ions from a liquid medium.

Apparatus for recovering energy from turbulence created within an aerobic biological reactor
A novel method and apparatus that takes advantage of both the aeration dynamics provided along with the free resulting hydro energy created by the flotation dynamics of the air bubbles and most importantly recover more energy than is required to operate the aeration basin as a result of the bonus hydro energy realized.

Floatation process for removal of heavy metal waste and associated apparatus
The present invention is a floatation process and associated apparatus for removing heavy metal waste from various effluent water streams. The process and apparatus generally introduces a population of fine diameter air bubbles and one or more flocculating chemicals into an effluent stream to produce buoyant floc structures that include the heavy metals and that can be removed from the effluent stream. The present invention provides a reliable, cost-effective means of removing heavy metals from effluent water streams.

Method and apparatus for separation of a mixture of non-miscible liquids
A tank has an inlet opening mounted at an end wall at the beginning of an elongated horizontal path for supplying a mixture to be separated, and two outlet openings mounted at the end of the elongated horizontal path for separately draining the separated liquids. An outlet opening located below the inlet opening and is connected to a vertical channel furnished with a sink located at least on the level of the inlet opening.